Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

Gut microbiota diversity was reduced in psoriatic arthritis, with significant depletion of Akkermansia, Ruminococcus, and Pseudobutyrivibrio versus healthy controls.

GBS-colonized pregnant women showed markedly less vaginal Lactobacillus and more Gardnerella than GBS-negative women in a 53-patient study.

In Chinese pregnant women, vaginal Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella, Aerococcus, and IL-6 were higher in those who later had spontaneous preterm birth. A model combining Lactobacillus iners, Gardnerella, and IL-6 reached an AUC of 0.73 for identifying preterm risk.

Cervicovaginal dysbiosis with elevated Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria tracked closely with HPV persistent infection.

Obese individuals showed reduced gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron linked to elevated serum glutamate, and restoring this microbe reduced weight gain and adiposity in mice.

Metagenomic analysis found positively selected antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in periodontitis-associated oral bacteria that also occur in respiratory pathogens, suggesting a possible oral-respiratory link.

Prevotella outnumbered Bacteroides fragilis group in 101 of 115 rural Papua New Guineans, and highlanders carried higher bacterial loads than lowlanders.

Distinct bronchial bacterial microbiome patterns, including enrichment of Haemophilus, Neisseria, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas, distinguish steroid-naive atopic asthma from atopy alone and healthy controls.

In 50 ME/CFS patients versus 50 matched controls, IBS co-morbidity, not plasma immune molecules, drove distinct fecal bacterial and metabolic-pathway signatures.

In the 1115-child CHILD birth cohort, infants who later developed any of four allergic diseases by age 5 had a lower gut microbiota-predicted age at 1 year (healthy average 11.53 months), suggesting delayed microbiota maturation is a shared hallmark of pediatric allergy.

Parkinson's patients had lower gut microbial diversity and higher Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, and Actinobacteria than controls.

Even after mild COVID-19, gut bacterial and fungal communities stayed altered for months. A 10-taxon bacterial model separated recoverees from healthy people with an area under the curve of 0.99, far better than the fungal model at 0.80.

Eating 100 grams of sauerkraut daily for four weeks barely shifted the overall gut microbiome of healthy adults, though single bacterial species changed. Only pasteurized sauerkraut significantly raised blood levels of the short-chain fatty acids acetic, propionic, and butyric acid.

CIDP patients showed higher gut microbial diversity and enrichment of Blautia, Eubacterium hallii, and Ruminococcus torques versus healthy controls.

Children with methylmalonic acidemia, propionic acidemia, or maple syrup urine disease showed markedly reduced gut microbial diversity and distinct community composition compared to healthy peers.

Poor ovarian responders had more Prevotella copri and Escherichia coli, while good responders had more Bifidobacterium longum, and mouse gavage with B. longum boosted mature oocyte yield.

Across seven cancer types, Faecalibacillus intestinalis and formic acid emerged as commonly altered gut microbiome and metabolome features versus healthy controls.

In 52 collegiate men, most blood markers responded similarly to maximal exercise, but SPARC and adiponectin varied by exercise type, and baseline enrichment of two specific gut species marked strength athletes who responded poorly to aerobic testing.

Gut microbiota shifted markedly during active COVID-19 infection but recovered patients' microbiome composition was indistinguishable from uninfected controls.

Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, and Porphyromonas were elevated at the adenoid and tonsils in children with obstructive sleep apnea.

Shotgun metagenomics shows many Western MSM harbor a non-Westernized, Prevotellaceae-dominated gut microbiota linked to specific sexual practices.

In adolescents, high chronic stress tracked with lower gut microbial diversity and depletion of beneficial genera like Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Akkermansia.

Obese subjects clustered by gut microbiota composition showed lower bacterial diversity, a reduced Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, more Proteobacteria, and detectable fecal calprotectin linked to systemic inflammation.

Seasonal sampling of 78 Indian agrarian adults found that long-term fermented food consumption tracked with lower gut microbiota diversity and bacterial load alongside shifts between Prevotella- and Bifidobacterium/Ruminococcus-driven community states.