Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

Phylum-level fecal microbiota differences, especially higher Proteobacteria, distinguished colorectal adenoma patients from normal colonoscopy findings among FIT-positive screening participants.

Maternal gut microbiota at 32 weeks gestation, not vaginal microbiota, was the dominant source of meconium and day-14 gut microbiota in vaginally delivered infants.

High-fertility sows show elevated blood serotonin and enriched serotonin-related gut bacteria, both positively correlated with litter size.

A pooled analysis of 3,741 stool metagenomes across 18 cohorts improved colorectal cancer prediction to an average AUC of 0.85 and identified strain-level biomarkers, including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii subclades linked to late-stage disease.

In 48 Chinese women with preterm premature rupture of membranes, vaginal microbiota showed higher diversity and lower Lactobacillus dominance, with Gardnerella and Prevotella enriched. A Lactobacillus-based signature separated cases from term controls with an AUC of about 91 percent.

Parkinson's patients showed gut microbiome shifts, including enrichment of Akkermansia and its parent Verrucomicrobia taxa, and about 80 percent of these changes appeared in the same direction in people with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder, a prodrome of Parkinson's.

Found the ketogenic diet depleted bifidobacteria, E. rectale, and Dialister while increasing E. coli in children with epilepsy.

Adolescent HFD exposure caused lasting HPA axis dysfunction in female rats even after switching to a standard diet.

Found greater skin microbial diversity in vitiligo lesional skin, with NBUVB irradiation appearing to erase these community differences.

Found Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis almost exclusively in adenoids, not palatine tonsils, in children.

In 200 Indian women (140 term, 60 preterm) with 600 vaginal swabs, Lactobacillus dominated term pregnancies while anaerobes rose early in preterm cases. A translated PCR-dipstick assay detected risk-associated bacteria with 74.2 percent sensitivity and 67.1 percent specificity.

In a controlled trial of 24 healthy adults on a Western diet, four weeks of daily kombucha produced only modest gut microbiome shifts, enriching a kombucha-borne probiotic and other short-chain-fatty-acid producers, with no significant change in inflammation or most metabolic markers.

Among 130 Brazilian children in one city, wealthier private-school children carried more Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium difficile, and Salmonella, while children in poverty had higher counts of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus, and Methanobrevibacter smithii. High socioeconomic status tracked with a less favorable gut profile.

A guild-level gut microbiome index built from two competing metagenomic guilds classified COVID-19 severity at admission with an average AUROC of 0.83.

Peri-implantitis sites showed baseline dysbiosis with high Fusobacterium and Prevotella, partially recovering toward a Streptococcus-dominant profile after treatment.

Gut Streptococcus mutans makes imidazole propionate that reaches the brain and drives dopaminergic neuron loss in mice.

Encapsulated, probiotic-modulated donor stool boosted gut epithelial development in germ-free mice via specific bacterial genera, not network complexity.

Found chronic alcohol overconsumption enriched gut Proteobacteria and depleted Faecalibacterium, with lower fecal butyric acid.

Found gastric mucosal microbiota shifts correlated with increased Foxp3+ Tregs and BDCA2+ pDCs in gastric cancer tissue.

A probabilistic partitioning analysis of gut mucosal microbiomes found an oral-microbiome-dominated metacommunity primarily associated with colorectal cancer.

In 225 infants, several gut bacterial genera present at 3 to 6 months were reduced in children who later developed food sensitization or food allergy by age 3. The genus Dorea was lower in both outcomes, hinting the early microbiome may shape food allergy risk.

Cross-country gut microbiome analysis found conserved bacterial signatures tied to soil-transmitted helminth infection, with Olsenella linked to reduced inflammation and clearance.

A randomized trial found DAV132 cut fecal free moxifloxacin by 99% and preserved gut microbiome richness and composition in healthy volunteers.

Parasite-derived excretory-secretory products prevented high-fat-diet cognitive decline in mice, reduced brain neuroinflammation, and eased gut microbiota dysbiosis by lowering Firmicutes and Proteobacteria; antibiotic depletion of the microbiota abolished the benefit.