Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

Moroccan colorectal cancer patients showed elevated Firmicutes, Clostridia, and Fusobacteria alongside depleted Bacteroidetes compared to healthy stool samples.

In postmenopausal women, higher visceral fat area tracked with a more pro-inflammatory gut microbiome and elevated markers of metabolic endotoxemia.

Rural Burkina Faso children on a high-fiber diet had more Bacteroidetes, Prevotella, and short-chain fatty acids, and fewer Enterobacteriaceae, than European children.

Obese children showed lower abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii alongside reduced fungal richness compared to normal-weight peers.

A 1000-person Estonian cohort study examined gut microbiome composition and estrobolome-related functional pathways in women with and without endometriosis.

Eight weeks of a Lactobacillus/Pediococcus probiotic blend lowered liver enzymes, weight, and cholesterol in MASLD patients, alongside stool microbiome shifts.

Parkinson's patients had a distinct, potentially pro-inflammatory microbiota in the deep nasal sinus cavity near the olfactory bulb. Moraxella catarrhalis was enriched in patients and correlated with more severe motor scores, while short-chain-fatty-acid-producing bacteria were reduced.

In vitro pectin fermentation of human fecal samples raised Clostridium cluster XIV bacteria, especially Lachnospira, alongside acetate and butyrate production.

Household food insecurity did not change gut microbial diversity in Ethiopian schoolchildren but significantly shifted overall microbiome composition, with dietary deprivation proxies linked to altered community structure.

Postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes showed higher vaginal microbial diversity and reduced Lactobacillus dominance compared to healthy controls.

A pilot ITS-sequencing study found Candida and Aspergillus in 100% of 30 subjects but no significant mycobiome differences between periodontitis and healthy oral samples.

Saliva-based shotgun metatranscriptomic profiling identified oral microbial and phage signatures that distinguished early stage Parkinson's disease from healthy controls with 84.5% accuracy.

Gut microbiota composition differs across diabetic patients with retinopathy, diabetic patients without retinopathy, and healthy controls, with a 25-family biomarker set distinguishing retinopathy cases.

Among 42 metastatic melanoma patients, baseline gut microbiome composition tracked with response to anti-PD-1 therapy, and transplanting responder stool into germ-free mice improved tumor control, boosted T cell activity, and enhanced anti-PD-L1 efficacy.

Trichuris trichiura infection was linked to consistent depletion of SCFA producers and enrichment of mucin-degrading gut bacteria across three continents.

Shotgun metagenomics found lower Firmicutes/Lactobacillus and higher Gardnerella, Prevotella, Actinobacteria and viral abundance in the vaginal microbiome of HPV16-positive women, yielding validated predictive biomarkers.

Severe pediatric ulcerative colitis showed sharply reduced gut microbial richness, with Firmicutes down and Proteobacteria (Gammaproteobacteria) up versus healthy controls.

A 16S analysis of 1,673 US individuals found 12 gut microbial taxa, including the highly heritable Christensenellaceae, reproducibly vary by ethnicity.

In children with calcium oxalate kidney stones, the gut microbiome was less diverse and depleted of butyrate-producing and oxalate-degrading bacteria, with 31 taxa reduced and shifts in fecal metabolites, pointing to microbial loss as a possible upstream driver of early-onset stone disease.

Parenteral ampicillin and gentamicin in newborns raised Proteobacteria and lowered Actinobacteria, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus at 4 weeks post-treatment.

Food-restricted rats showed higher Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Prevotella and Enterococcus, and lower Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus, than rats fed ad libitum.

In 61 women undergoing hysterectomy, the vaginal microbiome tracked endometrial cancer grade and histology. A three-species model separated cancer from benign disease with a mean AUC of 0.878, and Fusobacterium ulcerans was uniquely enriched in high-grade tumors.

In 193 apartments across Finland and Lithuania, energy retrofits changed indoor microbial communities in country-dependent ways. After retrofits, Finnish homes carried a smaller share of human-sourced bacteria, and outdoor temperature and ventilation type also influenced indoor bacteria and fungi.

Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Photorhabdus, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were enriched in meconium of infants born before 33 weeks gestation.