Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

Each of six gastrointestinal sites had a distinct microbial signature, and Helicobacter pylori sharply reduced diversity in cardia and noncardia stomach tissue.

In 950 Japanese health-checkup participants, alcohol intake worsened blood pressure and triglycerides from low doses, but body mass index was the only independent predictor of liver fibrosis (adjusted OR 1.22). Alcohol-related steatotic liver disease showed a dysbiosis signature of depleted Blautia and enriched Gemella.

In collagen-induced arthritis mice, transferring gut microbiota from arthritis-susceptible mice raised disease incidence and shifted immune cell balance toward Th17-driven inflammation.

Diversity, composition, and function of the bovine respiratory microbiome differed markedly by geographic location and by sampling niche, and long-distance transportation raised the relative abundance of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) associated pathogens in the nasopharynx.

Women with early-stage breast cancer showed lower gut microbial diversity and more Bacteroides and Enterobacteriaceae than healthy women, with the oral microbiome largely unaffected.

Tear film microbiome sequencing found distinct bacterial community shifts in Sjogren's and non-Sjogren's dry eye compared to healthy eyes.

COVID-19 patients showed reduced oral and gut microbial diversity, with fewer butyric-acid-producing and more lipopolysaccharide-producing bacteria. Classifiers built on 8 oral and 7 fecal microbial markers diagnosed COVID-19 with area-under-curve values above 0.87, and diagnosed antibody-positive suspected cases.

In chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, serum bile acids and arachidonic acid rose sharply while gut opportunistic pathogens like Klebsiella pneumoniae expanded and secondary bile acid producing microbes declined, suggesting a metabolome-microbiome signature that could serve as a CIDP biomarker.

Spike-specific IgA and IgG in breast milk peaked one week after the second BNT162b2 dose, while beneficial microbes like Bifidobacterium remained stable despite dynamic shifts in overall milk microbiota composition.

Bacteroides dorei bloomed early in stool of Finnish children before autoimmune seroconversion, marking a candidate gut-microbiome signal preceding type 1 diabetes risk.

Found Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, and Streptococcus enriched in colorectal tumor tissue versus adjacent tissue and stool.

Found gastric mucosal microbiota shifts correlated with increased Foxp3+ Tregs and BDCA2+ pDCs in gastric cancer tissue.

Second-line drugs for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis reshaped the gut microbiome, enriching 11 potentially pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae species like Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae during the intensive phase while depleting beneficial butyrate producers, and inhibiting amino acid biosynthesis pathways.

Geographic origin shaped gut microbiota composition more than BMI or gender, and Firmicutes fell with rising BMI in 30 Colombian adults.

Chronic alcohol worsened periodontal bone damage in rats and shifted their oral microbial community, linking alcohol exposure to dysbiosis-driven periodontitis.

Adding gut microbiome data to age, race, and body mass index sharply improved detection of colon adenomas and carcinomas; a microbiome test raised a 65-year-old's probability of harboring an adenoma from 0.17 percent to 10.67 percent, more than a 50-fold gain.

In postmenopausal women, a low-fat vegan diet with daily soybeans cut total hot flashes by 95 percent, and shifts in specific gut bacteria such as Porphyromonas and Prevotella corporis tracked with reductions in severe hot flashes.

A machine-learning model combining the lower respiratory microbiome with host gene expression from lung lavage distinguished respiratory tract infection from non-infection with an AUC of 0.937. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most enriched pathogen and correlated strongly with host inflammation genes.

Micronutrient supplementation shifted gut microbiota in children with ADHD, lowering Actinobacteriota and raising two butyrate producing families in symptom responders.

A nutrition-wide association study of 115 colorectal cancer patients found specific dietary intakes, including mature pumpkin/pumpkin juice, correlated with gut microbial taxa enrichment.

Gut microbiome composition during COVID-19 hospitalization correlated with disease severity and fecal viral shedding, distinguishing patients from healthy and pneumonia controls.

Pyrosequencing of Thai vegetarian and non-vegetarian gut microflora found Prevotella copri dominant in vegetarians and Bacteroides vulgatus plus Escherichia hermanii-related bacteria dominant in non-vegetarians.

A probabilistic partitioning analysis of gut mucosal microbiomes found an oral-microbiome-dominated metacommunity primarily associated with colorectal cancer.

Proteobacteria rose to 75 percent of conjunctival flora in Demodex blepharitis, with Sphingobium sp. YG1 and Acinetobacter guillouiae marking more severe disease.