Giorgos Aristotelous

A case-control study of 30 Graves' disease patients versus 30 healthy controls found reduced gut microbial diversity and correlations between fecal microbiota and serum cytokine profiles.

In 52 Graves' disease patients, gut dysbiosis and depleted short-chain-fatty-acid-producing bacteria tracked with elevated LPS, higher pro-inflammatory cytokines, and a skewed B-cell profile. In cultured cells, LPS shifted B cells toward a naive state, while a mix of acetate, propionate, and butyrate curbed cytokine release.

Endometriosis involves ectopic endometrial tissue causing pain and infertility. Validated and Promising Interventions include Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT), Low Nickel Diet, and Metronidazole therapy.

This review hypothesizes that exercise training may protect telomere length by improving gut microbiota diversity, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Key microbial taxa (Bifidobacterium, Faecalibacterium, SCFA producers) are linked to healthier aging and longer telomeres.

Elite female cyclists have a unique gut microbiome dominated by Bacteroidota with reduced diversity and depleted fiber-fermenters, yet maintain normal SCFA levels. This suggests performance-driven adaptation, but long-term health implications remain uncertain.

An 8‑week resistance training intervention in 150 sedentary adults enriched health‑associated gut bacteria (Faecalibacterium, Roseburia hominis) in high‑strength‑gain responders, independent of diet. Alpha diversity unchanged, but within‑individual shifts correlated with strength gains.

This systematic review of 231 studies reveals that moderate exercise improves gut health through enhanced motility, reduced inflammation, and beneficial microbiota changes, while high-intensity activity can cause GI symptoms via splanchnic hypoperfusion and increased permeability. Personalized exercise and dietary strategies are essential.

Eight weeks of aerobic exercise in overweight/obese women improved body composition, lipid profiles, inflammation, and significantly reduced intestinal permeability markers zonulin and LBP. Benefits were similar in young and middle-aged groups, demonstrating exercise effectiveness regardless of menopausal status.

This study of 38 athletes found that intense training increases intestinal permeability, but surprisingly, elevated stool zonulin did not correlate with permeability. Many athletes showed permeability without high zonulin, suggesting exercise damages gut barriers through mechanisms independent of the zonulin pathway.

This rapid review of seven studies finds resistance training does not significantly alter gut microbiome composition or diversity. However, it may improve gut barrier function (decreased zonulin, increased mucin) and reveals intriguing gut-muscle axis connections where butyrate-producing bacteria associate with greater strength gains.

This rigorously designed study compared heavy metal excretion in sweat from treadmill running (5-10 km/h, 25°C) versus sauna exposure (45°C). Exercise produced significantly higher concentrations of nickel, lead, copper, and arsenic, indicating dynamic activity may enhance detoxification more effectively than passive heating.

Graves’ Disease (GD) affects approximately 0.5% of the population, predominantly women. First-line treatment options—antithyroid medications, radioactive iodine, and surgery— often result in significant side effects, incomplete remissions, and frequent relapses. Further, current first-line treatment options focus on symptoms management, and reflect an inadequate understanding of the etiology of the condition. However, recent research reveals a […]

Dysbiosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) reflects a shift toward reduced beneficial taxa and increased pathogenic, uremic toxin-producing species, driven by a bidirectional interaction in which the uremic environment disrupts microbial composition and dysbiotic metabolites accelerate renal deterioration.

Resistance (strength) training appears to exert modest but meaningful effects on the human gut microbiome. Unlike aerobic exercise, which often leads to pronounced changes in microbial diversity and taxonomic shifts, short-term resistance training tends to result in minimal changes in overall microbiome composition or alpha-diversity. However, this does not indicate a lack of functional impact. […]

This review synthesizes evidence on melatonin’s effects on skeletal muscle health, exercise, and the gut–muscle axis, highlighting its mitochondrial, anti-inflammatory, and microbiome-modulating actions, with emphasis on microbial associations relevant to muscle aging and performance.

A single dose of melatonin enhances growth hormone secretion and reduces somatostatin in resistance-trained young males, especially when combined with heavy exercise, but has less effect in females. IGF-1 levels remain unchanged. Melatonin is safe acutely at these doses.

Graves’ disease patients display a distinct gut microbiota signature, characterized by reduced diversity and altered abundance of key microbial taxa, including increased Bacilli, Prevotella, and Megamonas, and decreased Ruminococcus and Alistipes, suggesting a role for the microbiome in GD pathogenesis.

Graves’ disease patients show distinctive gut microbiota profiles, with increased Bacteroidetes and specific pro-inflammatory bacteria, despite no difference in overall diversity. Key taxa correlate with clinical GD parameters, highlighting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and supporting a role for gut dysbiosis in GD pathogenesis.

This study reveals that Graves’ disease is linked to distinct gut microbiota alterations, particularly increased Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus and decreased Synergistetes and Phascolarctobacterium, which correlate with thyroid autoantibody status and may serve as microbiome-based biomarkers for disease activity and therapeutic response.

This cross-sectional study found that Graves’ disease patients have distinctly altered gut microbiota—lower Firmicutes, higher Bacteroidetes, and reduced butyrate-producers—suggesting a role for the microbiome in disease pathogenesis and as a diagnostic biomarker.

This study demonstrates that Graves’ disease and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients share distinct gut microbiome signatures—particularly involving Bacillus, Blautia, and Ornithinimicrobium—and a common enrichment of the ABC transporter pathway, supporting a microbiome-driven mechanism in autoimmune thyroid disease pathogenesis.

This prospective study identifies a unique gut microbiome signature in Graves’ disease, characterized by decreased SCFA-producing bacteria and increased pro-inflammatory taxa, which partially recovers with antithyroid therapy. Twelve genera robustly distinguish GD, offering potential for early diagnosis and microbiome-targeted interventions.

This study identified distinct alterations in gut microbiota composition and function in Graves’ disease and Graves’ orbitopathy patients compared to healthy controls, highlighting specific microbial taxa and metabolic pathways that may contribute to disease mechanisms and serve as future biomarkers.

Integrated microbiome-metabolome study reveals dysbiosis and metabolic shifts in Graves’ disease and hypothyroidism, highlighting potential biomarkers like depleted Bacteroides for thyroid disorders.